Analysis of limiting and compensating factors when calculating the energy efficiency of radio systems in the millimeter range

DOI: 10.31673/2412-4338.2019.011221

Abstract

The article proposes approaches for analyzing the energy efficiency of radio systems on the basis of the comparison of the Friis model, the quasi-optical model and the theory of the formation of phase diagrams of phased array antennas. The problems of simulation of radio systems with a narrow directional diagram, which compensates for losses, are discussed. It has been shown that in the organization of communication in direct channels, for example, from the base station to the user, which is planned in the first stages of using the millimeter range in mobile systems, perhaps a more efficient quasi-optical model of calculation of the energy potential. It is suggested that for calculation of energy and spectral efficiency of systems in a millimeter range a model of calculation taking into account limiting factors is necessary. It is also suggested that, in analyzing the spectral efficiency and the energy budget of radio systems in the millimeter range, not only the losses associated with absorption in the atmosphere (other media), blocking of the signal in urban development, etc., but also noise, nonlinear characteristics, constraints of acceptance, transmitting equipment. Modern calculation models should take into account such limiting and compensating factors, taking into account the latest technological advances, especially those related to optoelectronic processing of radio signals in millimeter wavelengths and throughput up to 10 Gbit/s. The results of calculations of the radio link budget according to the typical calculation (based on the Friis formula ) are shown, based on the quasi-optical model, and on the basis of the theory of the formation of the phase diagram of the phased array antennas. Thus, the antenna design plays a significant role in achieving the required gain and beam formation in millimeter wave ranges. Therefore, the energy budget of the communication link (system) depends mainly on the characteristics of the base station and the mobile station, such as: transmit power, antenna gain, signal/noise ratio and required communication bandwidth.

Keywords: millimeter range, energy efficiency, free-space attenuation, radiophotonics, narrowly directed antennas, radio energy budget, signal-to-noise ratio.

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